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Anti‐stress Activity of Ocimum sanctum : Possible Effects on Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis
Author(s) -
Jothie Richard Edwin,
Illuri Ramanaiah,
Bethapudi Bharathi,
Anandhakumar Senthilkumar,
Bhaskar Anirban,
Chinampudur Velusami Chandrasekaran,
Mundkinajeddu Deepak,
Agarwal Amit
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.5584
Subject(s) - ocimum , endocrinology , glucocorticoid receptor , antagonist , pharmacology , medicine , ursolic acid , receptor antagonist , glucocorticoid , receptor , chemistry , traditional medicine , chromatography
The present study investigated anti‐stress potential of Ocimum sanctum in chronic variable stress (CVS) paradigm. Further, the possible mechanism of anti‐stress was explored in vitro using cell and cell‐free assays. Rats were administered O. sanctum followed by CVS regimen for a period of 16 days. On days 4, 8, 12, and 16, body weight and immobility time in forced swim test were measured. In addition, the possible inhibitory effect of O. sanctum and ursolic acid on cortisol release and CRHR1 receptor activity were studied in cell‐based assays, while inhibitory effects on 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β‐HSD1) and catechol‐ O ‐methyltransferase (COMT) were studied in cell‐free assays. CVS group demonstrated less body weight gain and higher immobility time than O. sanctum administered groups, while oral administration of O. sanctum significantly increased body weight gain and decreased the immobility time. Further, O. sanctum and its constituents inhibited cortisol release and exhibited a significant CRHR1 receptor antagonist activity. Also, they had specific inhibitory activity towards 11β‐HSD1 and COMT activity. Thus, O. sanctum was found to be effective in the management of stress effects, and anti‐stress activity could be due to inhibition of cortisol release, blocking CRHR1 receptor, and inhibiting 11β‐HSD1 and COMT activities. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.