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Effects of Lepidium sativum, Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum‐graceum on Phenytoin Pharmacokinetics in Beagle Dogs
Author(s) -
Alkharfy Khalid M.,
AlJenoobi Fahad I.,
AlMohizea Abdullah M.,
AlSuwayeh Saleh A.,
Khan Rao M. A.,
Ahmad Ajaz
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.4947
Subject(s) - lepidium sativum , trigonella , pharmacokinetics , nigella sativa , phenytoin , pharmacology , oral administration , medicine , beagle , volume of distribution , anticonvulsant , traditional medicine , biology , botany , epilepsy , germination , psychiatry
The present work was designed to evaluate the effect of some commonly used herbs viz . garden cress ( Lepidium sativum ), black seed ( Nigella sativa ) and fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum‐graceum ) on the disposition of phenytoin after oral administration in a dog model. Phenytoin was given orally at a dose of 50 mg, and blood samples were obtained for the determination of drug's pharmacokinetic parameters. After a suitable washout period, animals were commenced on a specific herb treatment for one week. Garden cress treatment caused a modest increase in maximum observed concentration (C max ) and terminal half‐life (T 1/2λ ) of phenytoin with a reduction in clearance by 33%. The effect of black seed therapy was more drastic on drug elimination and to a lesser extent on its volume of distribution at steady state (V ss ) with a consequent reduction in systemic exposure measured by area under the curve (AUC 0‐∞ ) by about 87%. The effect of fenugreek therapy resembled, albeit to a lesser extent, that of black seed with a significant reduction in AUC 0‐∞ by ~72%. In addition, there was a 73% increase in V ss . Our findings suggest that the phenytoin disposition can be significantly altered by the concurrent consumption of tested herbal products. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.