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In Vitro Activity of Xanthorrhizol Isolated from the Rhizome of Javanese Turmeric ( Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) Against Candida albicans Biofilms
Author(s) -
Rukayadi Yaya,
Hwang JaeKwan
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.4834
Subject(s) - biofilm , candida albicans , corpus albicans , microbiology and biotechnology , rhizome , in vitro , chemistry , minimum inhibitory concentration , curcuma , antimicrobial , biology , bacteria , biochemistry , botany , genetics
The purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of xanthorrhizol isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. on Candida albicans biofilms at adherent, intermediate, and mature phase of growth. C. albicans biofilms were formed in flat‐bottom 96‐well microtiter plates. The biofilms of C. albicans at different phases of development were exposed to xanthorrhizol at different concentrations (0.5 µg/mL ‐ 256 µg/mL) for 24 h. The metabolic activity of cells within the biofilms was quantified using the XTT reduction assay. Sessile minimum inhibitory concentrations (SMICs) were determined at 50% and 80% reduction in the biofilm OD 490 compared to the control wells. The SMIC 50 and SMIC 80 of xanthorrhizol against 18 C. albicans biofilms were 4 – 16 µg/mL and 8 – 32 µg/mL, respectively. The results demonstrated that the activity of xanthorrhizol in reducing C. albicans biofilms OD 490 was dependent on the concentration and the phase of growth of biofilm. Xanthorrhizol at concentration of 8 µg/mL completely reduced in biofilm referring to XTT‐colorimetric readings at adherent phase, whereas 32 µg/mL of xanthorrhizol reduced 87.95% and 67.48 % of biofilm referring to XTT‐colorimetric readings at intermediate and mature phases, respectively. Xanthorrhizol displayed potent activity against C. albicans biofilms in vitro and therefore might have potential therapeutic implication for biofilm‐associated candidal infections. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.