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Grape seed extract enhances neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus in C57BL/6 mice
Author(s) -
Yoo Dae Young,
Kim Woosuk,
Yoo KiYeon,
Lee Choong Hyun,
Choi Jung Hoon,
Yoon Yeo Sung,
Kim DongWoo,
Won MooHo,
Hwang In Koo
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.3319
Subject(s) - doublecortin , dentate gyrus , neurogenesis , neuroblast , subgranular zone , granule cell , hippocampal formation , neun , biology , chemistry , endocrinology , microbiology and biotechnology , immunohistochemistry , stem cell , neural stem cell , immunology , subventricular zone
The effects of grape seed extract (GSE), a major source of phenolic compounds, were examined on cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation and integration into granule cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of middle‐aged (12 month‐old) mice using Ki67, doublecortin (DCX) immunohistochemistry and 5′‐bromo‐2‐deoxyguanosine (BrdU)/calbindin D‐28k (CB) double immunofluorescence study, respectively. GSE (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) was administered orally for 28 days, and the animals were treated with 50 mg/kg BrdU intraperitoneally on the day of first GSE treatment. In the vehicle‐treated group, Ki67 and DCX immunoreactivity was detected in the subgranular zone of the DG (SZDG). GSE treatment dose‐dependently increased the number of Ki67 and DCX immunoreactive cells, particularly the number of DCX immunoreactive neuroblasts with well‐developed (tertiary) dendrites. GSE also dose‐dependently increased DCX protein levels. In addition, GSE treatment increased significantly the number of BrdU/CB double labeled granule cells. These results suggest that GSE significantly increases cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation and integration into granule cells in the DG, and the consumption of GSE enhances the plasticity of hippocampus in middle‐aged mice. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.