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Antiprotozoal activity of Melampyrum arvense and its metabolites
Author(s) -
Kirmizibekmez Hasan,
Atay Irem,
Kaiser Marcel,
Brun Reto,
Cartagena Michelle M.,
Carballeira Néstor M.,
Yesilada Erdem,
Tasdemir Deniz
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.3233
Subject(s) - antiprotozoal , luteolin , traditional medicine , apigenin , kaempferol , biology , verbascoside , chemistry , glycoside , stereochemistry , botany , biochemistry , flavonoid , medicine , in vitro , antioxidant
An activity guided isolation of the H 2 O subextract of the crude extract of Melampyrum arvense L. afforded iridoid glucosides: aucubin (1), melampyroside (2), mussaenoside (3), mussaenosidic acid (4), 8‐ epi ‐loganin (5); flavonoids: apigenin (6), luteolin (7), luteolin 7‐ O ‐β‐glucopyranoside (8); a lignan glycoside dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9‐ O ‐β‐glucopyranoside (9); and benzoic acid (10). β‐Sitosterol (11) and a fatty acid mixture (12) were identified as the active principles of the CHCl 3 subextract. The structures of the isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, while the composition of 12 was identified by GC‐MS after methylation. Luteolin (7) appeared as the most active compound against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Leishmania donovani (IC 50 values 3.8 and 3.0 μg/mL). Luteolin 7‐ O ‐β‐glucopyranoside (8) displayed the best antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (IC 50 value 2.9 μg/mL). This is the first detailed phytochemical study on Turkish M. arvense and the first report of the antiprotozoal effect of Melampyrum species and its constituents. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.