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Kaempferol and quercetin, essential ingredients in Ginkgo biloba extract, inhibit interleukin‐1 β ‐induced MUC5AC gene expression in human airway epithelial cells
Author(s) -
Kwon Soon Ho,
Nam Ji In,
Kim Si Hong,
Kim Jeong Hong,
Yoon JooHeon,
Kim KyungSu
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.2817
Subject(s) - ginkgo biloba , p38 mitogen activated protein kinases , kaempferol , western blot , mapk/erk pathway , ingredient , quercetin , gene expression , messenger rna , pharmacology , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , kinase , biochemistry , biology , gene , antioxidant , food science
According to our previous study, Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) suppresses IL‐1 β ‐induced MUC5AC gene expression in NCI‐H292 cells via the ERK and p38 MAPK pathways. This study sought to identify which ingredients of GBE suppress IL‐1 β ‐induced MUC5AC gene expression in NCI‐H292 cells and to examine which MAPKs are related to MUC5AC gene suppression for each ingredient. After the cells were pretreated with each ingredient and treated with IL‐1 β (10 ng/mL), MUC5AC mRNA expression was determined by RT‐PCR and real‐time PCR. The results showed that kaempferol (KP) and quercetin (QC) suppressed MUC5AC mRNA expression in a dose‐dependent manner, both with significant inhibition starting from 40 µ m (equal concentration to about a twelfth or thirteenth dose of GBE). MAPK proteins were determined by western blot analysis after pretreatment with KP, QC and GBE. All three suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK and p38 kinases. In conclusion, the data suggested that KP and QC, essential ingredients in GBE, may overcome the dose problem of GBE and play a valuable role, clinically, in controlling mucin hypersecretion in airway inflammation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.