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Cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitory and antioxidant compounds from the truffle Elaphomyces granulatus
Author(s) -
Stanikunaite Rita,
Khan Shabana I.,
Trappe James M.,
Ross Samir A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.2698
Subject(s) - syringaldehyde , syringic acid , antioxidant , chemistry , catalase , biochemistry , enzyme , biological activity , in vitro , vanillin , gallic acid
The ethanol extract of fruiting bodies of Elaphomyces granulatus , a truffle‐like fungus, was evaluated for cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Inhibition of COX‐2 activity was evaluated in mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7). The extract of E. granulatus caused a 68% inhibition of COX‐2 activity at 50 µg/mL. Bioassay‐guided investigation led to the isolation and identification of two active compounds, syringaldehyde and syringic acid. Syringaldehyde moderately inhibited COX‐2 activity with an IC 50 of 3.5 µg/mL, while syringic acid strongly inhibited COX‐2 activity with an IC 50 of 0.4 µg/mL. The antioxidant activity of the extract and isolated compounds was evaluated in HL‐60 cells by the DCFH‐DA method. The extract of E. granulatus showed a potent antioxidant effect, with an IC 50 of 41 µg/mL. Of the pure compounds, syringic acid displayed a strong antioxidant activity, with an IC 50 of 0.7 µg/mL, while syringaldehyde showed no activity in the assay. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.