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Isolation and partial characterization of biologically active polysaccharides from Plantago major L.
Author(s) -
Samuelsen Anne Berit,
Paulsen Berit Smestad,
Wold Jens Kristian,
Otsuka Hanako,
Yamada Haruki,
Espevik Terje
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.2650090312
Subject(s) - rhamnose , arabinose , polysaccharide , xylose , galactose , chemistry , arabinogalactan , chromatography , biological activity , pectin , biochemistry , in vitro , fermentation
Polysaccharide fractions were isolated from Plantago Major L. leaves by extraction with cold water, hot water and with dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). Each of the three crude extracts obtained was further separated by ionexchange chromatography. Only the two acidic fractions from the 50°C crude extract were biologically active, demonstrated by in vitro testing of activation of the complement system and induction of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) production from human monocytes. One of the fractions, PM I 50 , contains polysaccharide material comprising arabinose, galactose and xylose with smaller proportions of galacturonic acid, glucose, mannose and rhamnose. This fraction was further fractionated by size exclusion chromatography to give three fractions PM I a , PM I b and PM I c . PM I a is probably an arabinogalactan and PM I b is mainly a 1,4‐linked xylan. The other biologically active fraction, PM II 50 is composed of 75% galacturonic acid, 3% rhamnose, 6% arabinose and 8% galactose. Structure analysis indicates that PM II 50 is a pectin type polysaccharide.