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Pharmacological studies on hypotensive and spasmolytic activities of pure compounds from Moringa oleifera
Author(s) -
Gilani Anwar H.,
Aftab Khalid,
Suria Amin,
Siddiqui Salimuzzaman,
Salem Rubeena,
Siddiqui Bina S.,
Faizi Shaheen
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.2650080207
Subject(s) - chronotropic , atropine , pharmacology , acetylcholine , moringa , biological activity , chemistry , muscarinic acetylcholine receptor , in vivo , inotrope , histamine , bethanechol , receptor , biology , endocrinology , heart rate , in vitro , biochemistry , food science , microbiology and biotechnology , blood pressure
Bioassay directed fractionation of an ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaves resulted in the isolation of four pure compounds, niazinin A (1), niazinin B (2), niazimicin (3) and niaziminin A + B (4 + 5). Intravenous administration of either one of the compounds (1–10 mg/kg) produced hypotensive and bradycardiac effects in anaesthetized rats. Pretreatment of the animals with atropine (1 mg/kg) completely abolished the hypotensive and bradycardiac effects of acetylcholine (ACh), whereas cardiovascular responses to the test compounds remained unaltered, ruling out the possible involvement of muscarinic receptor activation. In isolated guinea‐pig atria all the compounds (50–150 μg/mL) produced negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. Each compound inhibited K + ‐induced contractions in rabbit aorta as well as ileal contractions induced by ACh or histamine at similar concentrations. Spontaneous contractions of rat uterus were also inhibited equally by all compounds. These data indicate that the direct depressant action of these compounds exhibited on all the isolated preparations tested is probably responsible for its hypotensive and bradycardiac effects observed in vivo . Moreover, spasmolytic activity exhibited by the constituents of the plant provides a scientific basis for the traditional uses of the plant in gastrointestinal motility disorders.