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Antiarrhythmic and local anaesthetic actions of the anti‐ascaris fraction of the ethanolic extract of the bark of Polyadoa umbellata —Dalziel (erin‐yoruba)
Author(s) -
Onuaguluchi G.,
Ihekwaba A.
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.2650010407
Subject(s) - medicine , anesthesia , lidocaine , traditional medicine , pharmacology
The anti‐ascaris fraction of the ethanolic extract of the bark of Polyadoa umbellata (erin) was shown to possess definite antiarrhythmic activity superior to that of lignocaine. Erin protected toads against death due to the minimum dose of ouabain which caused 100% mortality. The therapeutic indices for erin and lignocaine were 5.6 and 3.16 respectively. It was, however, not possible to achieve more than 60% protection with lignocaine and therefore the safety factor (SF) in respect of lignocaine could not be determined. The SF for erin was 0.7. Erin at 60 mg/kg (i.v.) caused BaCl‐induced ventricular dysrhythmia/tachycardia to revert to sinus rhythm in five out of ten rats. Lignocaine at 6 mg/kg (i.v.) achieved this in three out of ten rats. Although lignocaine was about ten times more potent than erin in this regard, it was found from acute toxicity studies in mice to be about 18 times more toxic than erin. Using the guinea‐pig wheal preparation for the determination of the degree of infiltration anaesthesia, lignocaine was found to be about 22 times more potent than erin. However using the rabbit corneal reflex preparation, lignocaine was only 4.5 times more potent than erin as a surface anaesthetic agent.