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Preventive effects of Azadirachta indica on benzo(a)pyrene‐DNA adduct formation in murine forestomach and hepatic tissues
Author(s) -
Gangar Subhash Chander,
Sandhir Rajat,
Rai Durg Vijay,
Koul Ashwani
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.1967
Subject(s) - benzo(a)pyrene , glutathione , carcinogen , cytochrome p450 , chemistry , anticarcinogen , carcinogenesis , biochemistry , biology , enzyme , medicine , gene
In the present investigation, the effects of aqueous Azadirachta indica leaf extract (AAILE) on 3 H‐benzo(a)pyrene‐DNA [ 3 H‐B(a)P‐DNA] adduct formation, the status of biotransformation enzymes and reduced glutathione (GSH) content were evaluated in the forestomach and liver of Balb/c mice. Two weeks of AAILE treatment reduced the 3 H‐B(a)P‐DNA adduct levels by 31.6% in forestomach tissue. Similarly, 3 H‐B(a)P‐DNA adduct levels were decreased by 34.7% in the liver of AAILE treated mice compared with their control counterparts. After AAILE treatment, the cytochrome P450 content decreased, whereas the GSH content increased significantly in the hepatic tissue. In the forestomach as well as in the liver, the cytochrome b5 content declined, whereas an increase in glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) activity was observed in both tissues. These observations suggested that AAILE may have reduced the metabolic activation of 3 H‐B(a)P with enhanced detoxification of its active metabolites, hence the observed decrease in the levels of 3 H‐B(a)P‐DNA adducts. These molecular and biochemical modulations observed at the initiation phase of carcinogenesis seems to be significant and could be correlated with the chemopreventive effects of A. indica against B(a)P induced forestomach tumorigenesis. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.