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Effect of piperine on the steady‐state pharmacokinetics of phenytoin in patients with epilepsy
Author(s) -
Pattanaik Smita,
Hota Debasish,
Prabhakar Sudesh,
Kharbanda Parampreet,
Pandhi Promila
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
phytotherapy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.019
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1099-1573
pISSN - 0951-418X
DOI - 10.1002/ptr.1937
Subject(s) - piperine , pharmacokinetics , phenytoin , bioavailability , pharmacology , epilepsy , medicine , oral administration , chemistry , psychiatry
Piperine, the active principle of Piper longum , Piper nigrum and Zingiber officinalis , has been reported to enhance the oral bioavailability of phenytoin in human volunteers. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of a single dose of piperine in patients with uncontrolled epilepsy on the steady‐state pharmacokinetics of phenytoin. Two groups of 10 patients each receiving either a 150 mg or 200 mg twice daily dose of phenytoin were selected. Twelve hours after the night dose, venous blood samples were collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12 h after administration of phenytoin. On the next study day, piperine 20 mg was administered along with phenytoin and samples were collected similarly. The mean plasma drug concentrations at different time points and the pharmacokinetic parameters before and after piperine administration were compared by Student's t ‐test. Piperine increased significantly the mean plasma concentration of phenytoin at most of the time points in both dose groups. There was a significant increase in AUC (0–12h) ( p < 0.01), C max ( p < 0.001) and K a ( p < 0.05) whereas the changes in K el and t max were not significant. The results showed that piperine enhanced the bioavailability of phenytoin significantly, possibly by increasing the absorption. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.