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Hole‐extraction layer dependence of defect formation and operation of planar CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 perovskite solar cells
Author(s) -
Nguyen Duc Cuong,
Joe Sungyoon,
Ha Na Young,
Park Hui Joon,
Park JiYong,
Ahn Y. H.,
Lee Soonil
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
physica status solidi (rrl) – rapid research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.786
H-Index - 68
eISSN - 1862-6270
pISSN - 1862-6254
DOI - 10.1002/pssr.201600395
Subject(s) - non blocking i/o , materials science , dielectric , capacitance , planar , perovskite solar cell , perovskite (structure) , solar cell , doping , optoelectronics , open circuit voltage , analytical chemistry (journal) , spectral line , voltage , crystallography , chemistry , electrode , biochemistry , computer graphics (images) , physics , quantum mechanics , chromatography , astronomy , computer science , catalysis
Three planar CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (MAPbI 3 ) solar cells having the same structure except a hole‐extraction layer (HEL) showed distinctive difference in operation characteristics. Analysis of frequency‐dependent capacitance and dielectric‐loss spectra of the three MAPbI 3 devices showed two types of recombination‐loss channels with different time constants that we attributed respectively to interface and bulk defects. Discrepancy in defect formation among the three devices with a HEL of PEDOT:PSS, NiO x , or Cu‐doped NiO x was not surprising because grain‐size distribution and crystalline quality of MAPbI 3 can be affected by surface energy and morphology of underlying HELs. We were able to quantify interface and bulk defects in these MAPbI 3 solar cells based on systematic and simultaneous simulations of capacitance and dielectric‐loss spectra, and current–voltage characteristics by using the device simulator SCAPS.Defect density reduction is essential for efficient planar solar cells. Defect density in MAPbI 3 layers, with respect to which an open‐cell voltage and a fill factor vary, can be investigated by using capacitance–frequency spectra.