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Up‐Conversion from Er 3+ –Er 3+ Pairs in CdF 2 Crystals
Author(s) -
Jouart J. P.,
Mary G.
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
physica status solidi (b)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.51
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1521-3951
pISSN - 0370-1972
DOI - 10.1002/pssb.2221490226
Subject(s) - excited state , ion , atomic physics , energy conversion efficiency , cluster analysis , physics , relaxation (psychology) , chemistry , crystallography , analytical chemistry (journal) , optoelectronics , psychology , social psychology , quantum mechanics , chromatography , machine learning , computer science
Abstract The effect of preferential clustering on the properties of infrared to visible conversion of Er 3+ (between 1 to 4 mol%) is investigated in CdF 2 at 77 K. Without preferential clustering, the green emission is predominant. If there is preferential clustering, the red emission is predominant. This emission mainly results from the non‐resonant cross relaxation process in an Er 3+ –Er 3+ pair doubly excited in the state ( 4 I 11/2 , 4 I 13/2 ). The efficiency of this up‐conversion process is two orders of magnitude higher than that of the single Er 3+ sites. It is suggested to use the up‐conversion as a technique to inquire about the degree of association of the Er 3+ ions in the host lattices.