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Raman spectroscopy of graphite intercalation compounds: Charge transfer, strain, and electron–phonon coupling in graphene layers
Author(s) -
ChacónTorres Julio C.,
Wirtz Ludger,
Pichler Thomas
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
physica status solidi (b)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.51
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1521-3951
pISSN - 0370-1972
DOI - 10.1002/pssb.201451477
Subject(s) - graphene , materials science , intercalation (chemistry) , raman spectroscopy , graphite , phonon , chemical physics , graphene nanoribbons , nanotechnology , fullerene , carbon nanotube , condensed matter physics , chemistry , composite material , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , physics , optics
Graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) are an interesting and highly studied field since 1970’s. It has gained renewed interest since the discovery of superconductivity at high temperature for CaC6 and the rise of graphene. Intercalation is a technique used to introduce atoms or molecules into the structure of a host material. Intercalation of alkali metals in graphite has shown to be a controllable procedure recently used as a scalable technique for bulk production of graphene, and nano‐ribbons by induced exfoliation of graphite. It also creates supra‐molecular interactions between the host and the intercalant, inducing changes in the electronic, mechanical, and physical properties of the host. GICs are the mother system of intercalation also employed in fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon‐composites. We will show how a combination of Raman and ab − initio calculations of the density and the electronic band structure in GICs can serve as a tool to elucidate the electronic structure, electron–phonon coupling, charge transfer, and lattice parameters of GICs and the graphene layers within. This knowledge of GICs is of high importance to understand superconductivity and to set the basis for applications with GICs, graphene and other nano‐carbon based materials like nanocomposites in batteries and nanoelectronic devices.