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Nanostructures and thin films of transparent conductive oxides studied by perturbed angular correlations
Author(s) -
Barbosa M. B.,
Gonçalves J. N.,
RedondoCubero A.,
Miranda S. M. C.,
Simon R.,
Kessler P.,
Brandt M.,
Henneberger F.,
Nogales E.,
Méndez B.,
Johnston K.,
Alves E.,
Vianden R.,
Araújo J. P.,
Lorenz K.,
Correia J. G.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
physica status solidi (b)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.51
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1521-3951
pISSN - 0370-1972
DOI - 10.1002/pssb.201200923
Subject(s) - materials science , nanostructure , thin film , ternary operation , doping , annealing (glass) , octahedron , nanowire , nanotechnology , crystallography , analytical chemistry (journal) , crystal structure , optoelectronics , chemistry , metallurgy , chromatography , computer science , programming language
The versatility of perturbed angular correlations (PAC) in the study of nanostructures and thin films is demonstrated, namely for the specific cases of ZnO/Cd x Zn 1− x O thin films and Ga 2 O 3 powder pellets and nanowires, examples of transparent conductive oxides. PAC measurements as a function of annealing temperature were performed after implantation of 111 m Cd/ 111 Cd ( T 1/2 = 48 min) and later compared to density functional theory simulations. For ZnO, the substitution of Cd probes at Zn sites was observed, as well as the formation of a probe‐defect complex. The ternary Cd x Zn 1− x O ( x = 0.16) showed good macroscopic crystal quality but revealed some clustering of local defects around the probe Cd atoms, which could not be annealed. In the Ga 2 O 3 samples, the substitution of the Cd probes in the octahedral Ga‐site was observed, demonstrating the potential of ion‐implantation for the doping of nanowires.