Premium
Ammonia assisted growth of multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Author(s) -
Nitze Florian,
Andersson Britt M.,
Wågberg Thomas
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
physica status solidi (b)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.51
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1521-3951
pISSN - 0370-1972
DOI - 10.1002/pssb.200982260
Subject(s) - ammonia , raman spectroscopy , materials science , carbon nanotube , chemical engineering , phase (matter) , chemical vapor deposition , metal , nitrogen , carbon fibers , nanotechnology , inorganic chemistry , chemistry , composite material , metallurgy , organic chemistry , composite number , physics , engineering , optics
Bamboo structured nitrogen‐containing carbon nanotubes are grown on e‐beam deposited thin metal films (cobalt/iron) by chemical vapor deposition. The approach uses ammonia as supporting gas to form nano catalyst particles in the pretreatment phase. Ammonia is also used as nitrogen source. The effect of ammonia on the grown structures at different temperatures (720 and 810 °C) is investigated by SEM, TEM and Raman spectroscopy. We show that ammonia promotes growth of vertically aligned CNT carpets on thicker metal films (5 nm) than usually used. At the same time ammonia is inducing a high amount of defects but this effect changes significantly with temperature. At 720 °C defects are clearly ammonia induced while at 810 °C the defects seem to be induced by a different mechanism. Furthermore, the presence of ammonia in both pretreatment phase and growth phase reduces the outer diameter of the grown nanotubes.