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Preparation and selected properties of a composite of the C 60 ‐Pd conducting polymer and single‐wall carbon nanotubes
Author(s) -
Pieta Piotr,
Grodzka Emilia,
Winkler Krzysztof,
Venukadasula Ganesh M.,
D'Souza Francis,
Kutner Wlodzimierz
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
physica status solidi (b)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.51
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1521-3951
pISSN - 0370-1972
DOI - 10.1002/pssb.200879633
Subject(s) - materials science , quartz crystal microbalance , cyclic voltammetry , carbon nanotube , composite number , electrochemistry , conductive polymer , raman spectroscopy , palladium , electrolyte , chemical engineering , electrode , polymer , composite material , catalysis , chemistry , organic chemistry , physics , engineering , adsorption , optics
Abstract A thin film of a new composite consisting of the redox conductive fullerene‐palladium polymer (C 60 ‐Pd) and single‐wall carbon nanotubes, non‐covalently functionalized with 1‐pyrenebutiric acid (pyr‐SWCNTs), was electrochemically prepared in the acetonitrile: toluene (1: 4, v: v) solution containing C 60 , pyr‐SWCNTs, and palladium acetate, Pd(ac) 2 , under multi‐scan cyclic voltammetry (cv) conditions. A tetra(n‐butyl)ammonium salt, vis. 0.1 M (TBA)ClO 4 or (TBA)PF 6 , was used as the supporting electrolyte. Electrochemical and visco‐elastic properties of the composite film were investigated by simultaneous cv and piezoelectric microgravimetry (pm) measurements. The Raman spectra indicated that pyr‐SWCNTs were incorporated in the film during preparation of the composite by electropolymerization. Mass of the deposited composite film was determined by pm using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). The EQCM also allowed us for simultaneous recording, in different potential ranges, the current, resonant frequency changes, and dynamic resistance changes vs. potential, of a quartz crystal resonator with its electrode coated by the composite film. The performed EQCM experiments revealed that both films were electrochemically active at potentials more negative than ca. –0.5 V. However, the presence of pyr‐SWCNTs in the film increased the electrode capacitance, as manifested by the increase of both the cv cathodic and anodic current. Moreover, the presence of pyr‐SWCNTs in the C 60 ‐Pd polymer improved its visco‐elastic properties for the potentials more negative than –0.9 V vs. Ag/AgCl by making the C 60 ‐Pd/pyr‐SWCNTs film more rigid than the pristine C 60 ‐Pd film. From the highest slopes of the rising portions of the cathodic currents in the range ca. –0.4 to –0.6 V the redox conductivity values were determined. This conductivity for the C 60 ‐Pd/pyr‐SWCNTs composite film was higher than that for the genuine C 60 ‐Pd film. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)