Incorporation of Antimony into the Barium Titanate Lattice

The interest in the incorporation of Sb into the BaTiO 3 lattice is based above all on the fact that small additions of Sb (below 0.2 wt% Sb 2 O 3 ) yield semiconducting ceramics with a resistivity anomaly at the Curie point. Larger amounts of Sb, however, result in insulating samples. This is caused by a different kind of incorporation. In the range of high concentration only a composition as BaO + (1 − x ) · TiO 2 + x · 1/2 Sb 2 O 3 (for x between 0 and 0.1) yields ceramics which show no crystalline phases other than the perovskite one. This and the structure factors determined by neutron diffraction provide a definite proof that Sb occupies Ti sites. By means of combined electron‐microprobe and X‐ray analysis it is also shown that in the case of excess TiO 2 in the BaTiO 3 solid solution, Sb partly substitutes Ba sites.