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Phase Evolution, Microstructure, Electrical, and Magnetic Properties of Bi 0.5 (Na 0.68 K 0.22 Li 0.10 ) 0.5 TiO 3 Ceramics with Fe 3+ Substitution
Author(s) -
Bhupaijit Pamornnarumol,
Kidkhunthod Pinit,
Gupta Sanu Kumar,
Nuntawong Noppadon,
Prasertpalichat Sasipohn,
Pinitsoontorn Supree,
Horprathum Mati,
Bongkarn Theerachai
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
physica status solidi (a)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1862-6319
pISSN - 1862-6300
DOI - 10.1002/pssa.201900983
Subject(s) - materials science , analytical chemistry (journal) , raman spectroscopy , tetragonal crystal system , microstructure , ceramic , diamagnetism , dielectric , sintering , crystallography , crystal structure , chemistry , metallurgy , chromatography , quantum mechanics , magnetic field , optics , physics , optoelectronics
Herein, the effect of Fe 3+ ions substitution on the phase evolution, microstructure, electrical, and magnetic properties of Bi 0.5 (Na 0.68 K 0.22 Li 0.10 ) 0.5 Ti 1− x Fe x O 3 (BNKLT‐ x Fe) ceramics with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.020 is investigated. The BNKLT‐ x Fe ceramics are synthesized via the solid‐state combustion method. All BNKLT‐ x Fe compositions use a calcination temperature of 750 °C for 2 h and a sintering temperature of 1025 °C for 2 h. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectra illustrate coexisting rhombohedral (R) and tetragonal (T) phases in all compositions and the R phase increases with increasing Fe content. The X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) technique confirms that the local R symmetry increases from 38.8% to 67.0% with increasing x content from 0 to 0.020. The average grain size gradually increases from 0.52 to 0.84 μm when the x content increases from 0 to 0.020. At x = 0.010, the ceramic has high ferroelectric properties ( P r ≈ 26.8 μC cm −2 , E c ≈ 20.4 kV cm −1 ) and the highest normalized strain ( d 33 * ) of 386 pm V −1 . In addition, the maximum value of the temperature‐dependent dielectric constant of 6136 is found at x = 0.015. Although BNKLT‐0Fe ceramic show diamagnetic behavior, paramagnetic behavior is observed in all Fe 3+ substituted samples.