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Preparation and Properties of High‐Quality Ce x La y Pr y Nd 0.05 Gd 0.05 B 6 Single Crystal by Optical Float‐Zone Technique
Author(s) -
Ning ShuYu,
Iitaka Toshiaki,
Xu Dandan,
Li Zhi,
Wang Yan,
Yang XinYu,
Zhang JiuXing
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
physica status solidi (a)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1862-6319
pISSN - 1862-6300
DOI - 10.1002/pssa.201800706
Subject(s) - single crystal , crystal (programming language) , diffraction , crystallography , materials science , x ray crystallography , analytical chemistry (journal) , current density , work function , physics , chemistry , optics , nanotechnology , quantum mechanics , chromatography , layer (electronics) , computer science , programming language
The work functions of LnB 6 (Ln = Pr, Nd, and Gd) at (100) plane are systematically studied by first‐principles calculation based on density functional theory. It reveals that the work function of LnB 6 at (100) plane obeys the relation of Φ (PrB 6 ) < Φ (NdB 6 ) < Φ (GdB 6 ). The high‐quality Ce x La y Pr y Nd 0.05 Gd 0.05 B 6 ( x = 0.5, y = 0.2 or x = 0.6, y = 0.15 or x = 0.7, y = 0.1) single crystals are successfully prepared by the optical float‐zone technique. The crystal quality and emission properties of single crystals are characterized by rotating target X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction, X‐ray Laue diffraction, and the thermal electron emission measurements. The results present that the as‐grown single crystals are of high quality and lower work function than single crystal CeB 6 . The maximum emission current density of 60.69 A cm −2 obtained at 1873 K under the applied voltage of 4000 V belongs to the Ce 0.5 La 0.2 Pr 0.2 Nd 0.05 Gd 0.05 B 6 single crystal with (100) surface.