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Development of a multi‐parameter sensor chip for the simultaneous detection of organic compounds in biogas processes
Author(s) -
Pilas Johanna,
Iken Heiko,
Selmer Thorsten,
Keusgen Michael,
Schöning Michael J.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
physica status solidi (a)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1862-6319
pISSN - 1862-6300
DOI - 10.1002/pssa.201431894
Subject(s) - diaphorase , formate dehydrogenase , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide , lactate dehydrogenase , chemistry , biosensor , formate , dehydrogenase , nad+ kinase , biochemistry , nuclear chemistry , enzyme , catalysis
An enzyme‐based multi‐parameter biosensor is developed for monitoring the concentration of formate, d ‐lactate, and l ‐lactate in biological samples. The sensor is based on the specific dehydrogenation by an oxidized β‐nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + )‐dependent dehydrogenase (formate dehydrogenase, d ‐lactic dehydrogenase, and l ‐lactic dehydrogenase, respectively) in combination with a diaphorase from Clostridium kluyveri (EC 1.8.1.4). The enzymes are immobilized on a platinum working electrode by cross‐linking with glutaraldehyde (GA). The principle of the determination scheme in case of l ‐lactate is as follows: l ‐lactic dehydrogenase ( l ‐LDH) converts l ‐lactate into pyruvate by reaction with NAD + . In the presence of hexacyanoferrate(III), the resulting reduced β‐nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is then regenerated enzymatically by diaphorase. The electrochemical detection is based on the current generated by oxidation of hexacyanoferrate(II) at an applied potential of +0.3 V vs. an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The biosensor will be electrochemically characterized in terms of linear working range and sensitivity. Additionally, the successful practical application of the sensor is demonstrated in an extract from maize silage.