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Reduced graphene oxide‐based sensing platform for electric cell–substrate impedance sensing
Author(s) -
Lanche Ruben,
Pachauri Vivek,
Koppenhöfer Dieter,
Wagner Patrick,
Ingebrandt Sven
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
physica status solidi (a)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1862-6319
pISSN - 1862-6300
DOI - 10.1002/pssa.201330522
Subject(s) - graphene , materials science , multielectrode array , microelectrode , nanotechnology , oxide , substrate (aquarium) , biocompatibility , optoelectronics , biosensor , schematic , electrode , electronic engineering , chemistry , geology , engineering , oceanography , metallurgy
Graphene, with its unique electrical properties and biocompatibility, has become a material of choice for the development of biosensor platforms. In this study, a microelectrode array based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was constructed and used as a platform for electrical monitoring of cell–substrate adhesion. The rGO‐based sensor arrays were designed in order to facilitate sensor pads comparable to the size of individual cells. The sensor chips were fabricated in a scalable manner via site‐specific immobilization of graphene oxide flakes onto microelectrode pairs followed by reduction to rGO. The sensor chips were mounted on a measurement platform equipped with a fluidic cell. Electrical characteristics were recorded and field‐effect behavior was confirmed. Sensors reacted to changes of pH value in the solution. Finally, as a proof‐of‐concept, the graphene oxide‐based sensing platform was used for electrical cell–substrate impedance sensing of individual HEK293 cells in culture. Schematic view of the rGO‐based sensor chip for electrical cell–substrate adhesion assays.