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Enhanced polarization switching in ferroelectric Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 single crystals by defect control
Author(s) -
Yanai Ken,
Kitanaka Yuuki,
Noguchi Yuji,
Miyayama Masaru,
Moriyoshi Chikako,
Kuroiwa Yoshihiro,
Kurushima Kousuke,
Mori Shigeo
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
physica status solidi (a)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1862-6319
pISSN - 1862-6300
DOI - 10.1002/pssa.201228442
Subject(s) - ferroelectricity , materials science , polarization (electrochemistry) , conductivity , impurity , single crystal , analytical chemistry (journal) , coercivity , platinum , electrical resistivity and conductivity , crystallography , condensed matter physics , optoelectronics , chemistry , dielectric , electrical engineering , biochemistry , physics , organic chemistry , chromatography , engineering , catalysis
Single crystals of ferroelectric (Bi,Na)TiO 3 (BNT) were grown by the top‐seeded solution growth (TSSG) method at a high oxygen pressure of 0.9 MPa using Pt crucibles and their conductivity (leakage current) and polarization properties were investigated at 25 °C along 〈100〉 cubic . The platinum concentration ([Pt]) in BNT crystals was controlled by using different kinds of Na salts in flux. It is shown that the conductivity of BNT crystals is governed by Bi vacancies for crystals with a [Pt] less than approximately 4000 ppm and by Pt impurities for ones with a higher [Pt].Photo and polarization hysteresis of a high‐quality (Bi,Na)TiO 3 ferroelectric single crystal. Enhanced polarization switching (a large remanent polarization and a low coercive field) was achieved by defect control during the crystal growth.