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Development of an electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor (EIS) based capacitive heavy metal sensor for the detection of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ ions
Author(s) -
Spelthahn Heiko,
Schaffrath Sophie,
Coppe Thomas,
Rufi Frederic,
Schöning Michael J.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
physica status solidi (a)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1862-6319
pISSN - 1862-6300
DOI - 10.1002/pssa.200983306
Subject(s) - analytical chemistry (journal) , scanning electron microscope , membrane , materials science , electrolyte , chalcogenide , semiconductor , electrochemistry , rutherford backscattering spectrometry , capacitance , chemistry , thin film , electrode , optoelectronics , nanotechnology , chromatography , biochemistry , composite material
Chalcogenide glass materials as membranes for potentiometric sensors for chemical analysis in solutions have been studied since more than 20 years. In this work, an electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor structure was combined with chalcogenide glass membranes prepared by means of the pulsed laser deposition technique. Depending on the membrane composition a selectivity to different ions (Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ ) is achieved. The different sensor membranes have been physically characterised using microscopy, ellipsometry, profilometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). The electrochemical behaviour has been investigated via capacitance/voltage ( C / V ) and constant capacitance (ConCap) measurements and results in a Cd 2+ sensitivity of 23.1 ± 0.6 mV per decade in a linear range from 7 × 10 −6 to 10 −2 mol/l and 24.4 ± 0.5 mV per decade in a linear range from 5 × 10 −6 to 10 −2 mol/l for Pb 2+ , respectively.