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Optical planar waveguides in Nd:YLiF 4 crystal fabricated by proton implantation
Author(s) -
Tan Yang,
Chen Feng,
Wang Lei,
Lu QingMing
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
physica status solidi (a)
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1862-6319
pISSN - 1862-6300
DOI - 10.1002/pssa.200723142
Subject(s) - planar , materials science , crystal (programming language) , waveguide , annealing (glass) , proton , optics , refractive index , spectral line , optoelectronics , physics , computer graphics (images) , quantum mechanics , astronomy , computer science , composite material , programming language
An optical planar waveguide has been fabricated in Nd:YLiF 4 crystal by means of proton implantation at an energy of 500 keV. The m ‐line arrangement was used to obtain the dark‐line spectra of the sample. The induced optical barrier with lower refractive indices inside the crystal confined the near‐surface region of the sample as waveguide structures. The waveguide remained fairly stable under thermal annealing treatment at 340 °C for 60 min in air. The nuclear damage created by the incident protons inside the crystal was considered to be the main cause of the barrier formation. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)