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The interaction of endosulfan with the Collembolan, Proisotoma minuta (Tullberg): toxicity, the effects of sub‐lethal concentrations and metabolism
Author(s) -
Park EunKee,
Lees Edith M
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.874
Subject(s) - endosulfan , toxicity , sulfate , metabolism , toxicology , chemistry , pesticide , biology , environmental chemistry , biochemistry , agronomy , organic chemistry
An increased level of the Collembolan, Proisotoma minuta Tullberg was found in the cotton‐growing areas of New South Wales, Australia. They were regularly exposed to endosulfan, a highly insecticidal compound. Toxicity, sub‐lethal effects and metabolism of endosulfan were studied in P minuta that had been successfully maintained in a plaster of Paris and charcoal mixture substrate with freeze‐dried yeast as a food. The 168‐h LD 50 values were 0.011, 0.049 and 0.055 mg liter −1 for α‐ and β‐endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate, respectively. When P minuta were exposed to non‐lethal concentrations of the endosulfans, egg production was inhibited. On recovery from the toxic effects of the endosulfans they resumed production of viable eggs. Conversion of α‐ and β‐endosulfan to endosulfan sulfate was found and the endosulfan sulfate could be further metabolized. The rate of metabolism of α‐endosulfan was greater than that of β‐endosulfan and the product of endosulfan sulfate metabolism was not identified. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry