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Co‐induction of glutathione‐ S ‐transferases and multidrug resistance associated protein by xenobiotics in wheat
Author(s) -
Theodoulou Frederica L,
Clark Ian M,
He XiaoLi,
Pallett Kenneth E,
Cole David J,
Hallahan David L
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.576
Subject(s) - xenobiotic , glutathione , glutathione transferase , multidrug resistance associated proteins , multiple drug resistance , biology , chemistry , biochemistry , drug resistance , genetics , atp binding cassette transporter , gene , enzyme , transporter
Herbicide safeners are known to protect monocotyledonous crops from herbicide injury by accelerating the metabolism of herbicides. We have investigated the effects of the safener cloquintocet‐mexyl, which protects small‐grain cereals against the graminicidal herbicide, clodinafop‐propargyl. Subtractive suppression hybridisation was used to identify wheat genes which are up‐regulated by treatment not only with cloquintocet‐mexyl but also with phenobarbital, which is known to stimulate xenobiotic metabolism in animals and plants. DNA sequences of five glutathione transferases (GSTs) belonging to three different classes and a multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) homologue were identified in the screen. The chemical inducibility of these clones was confirmed by Northern analysis. The MRP protein was shown to be induced by treatments with cloquintocet‐mexyl and phenobarbital and to be localised to the tonoplast. Since clodinafop‐propargyl is not known to be metabolised by glutathionylation, the significance of GST induction is interpreted in terms of a generalised response to chemical stress, particularly the generation of active oxygen species. This work establishes herbicide safeners as useful tools for the identification of genes encoding herbicide‐metabolising enzymes. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry