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Pest control with drip‐applied dimethyl disulfide and chloropicrin in plastic‐mulched tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Author(s) -
Yu Jialin,
Sharpe Shaun M,
Vallad Gary E,
Boyd Nathan S
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.5678
Subject(s) - chloropicrin , dimethyl disulfide , cyperus rotundus , weed control , fumigation , fusarium wilt , agronomy , horticulture , biology , weed , fusarium oxysporum , chemistry , organic chemistry , sulfur
BACKGROUND Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is used as a preplant soil fumigant for weed and soilborne pathogen control in plasticulture vegetable crops. The objective of this research was to determine the control efficacy of emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulation of DMDS or DMDS + chloropicrin (Pic) on weed and Fusarium wilt in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) plasticulture. RESULTS The effective DMDS rates required to provide 50% (ER 50 ) control of purple nutsedge ( Cyperus rotundus L.) were 210 and 340 kg ha −1 at 4 weeks after fumigation (WAF) in fall 2017 and fall 2018, respectively, while these values increased to 348 and >467 kg ha −1 , respectively, at 12 WAF. The ER 50 values of DMDS + Pic were 150 and 240 kg ha −1 at 4 WAF in fall 2017 and fall 2018, respectively, while these values increased to 255 and 450 kg ha −1 , respectively, at 12 WAF. DMDS + Pic was generally more effective than DMDS for C. rotundus control. The high rates of DMDS or DMDS + Pic provided adequate C. rotundus control in early season but failed to provide effective control by season end. In addition, DMDS + Pic injections through drip tape effectively reduced Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) inoculum while DMDS alone was generally ineffective. CONCLUSION Injection of the EC formulation of DMDS or DMDS + Pic through drip tape should have been provided a viable option for C. rotundus and Fusarium wilt control in plastic‐mulched tomato. However, supplemental weed management actions, such as herbicide applications, may be required to achieve season‐long control. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry