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Immunity of an insect herbivore to an entomovirus is affected by different host plants
Author(s) -
Wang JinYan,
Zhang Hao,
Siemann Evan,
Ji XiangYun,
Chen YiJuan,
Wang Yi,
Jiang JieXian,
Wan NianFeng
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.5609
Subject(s) - biology , insect , innate immune system , exigua , herbivore , host (biology) , spodoptera , gene , brassica oleracea , immunity , immune system , plant defense against herbivory , enzyme , gene expression , botany , genetics , biochemistry , recombinant dna
BACKGROUND Interactions between herbivorous insects and entomoviruses may depend on host plant, perhaps mediated through changes in herbivore innate immunity. RESULTS Caterpillars ( Spodoptera exigua ) fed Glycine max had high viral loads and low melanization rates together with low melanization enzyme [PO, DDC, TH] activities and gene expressions. Caterpillars fed Ipomoea aquatica had low viral loads and high melanization, gene activities and gene expressions while those fed Brassica oleracea or artificial diet had intermediate levels of each. Melanization rates were negatively correlated with viral loads and positively correlated with activity and expression of each of the three enzymes. Some diet effects on enzymes were constitutive because the same diets led to low ( G. max ) or high ( I. aquatica ) melanization related gene activities and expressions without infection. CONCLUSION Diet influences the interactions between insect herbivores and viruses by shaping the innate immune response both at the onset of infection and afterwards as viral loads accumulate over a period of days. In addition, diets that lead to low viral loads are associated with high activities and gene expressions of a variety of melanization related enzymes suggesting a common causative mechanism. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry