Premium
Quinoxyfen—resistance management and sensitivity monitoring in wheat: 1995–2000
Author(s) -
Bernhard Uli,
Leader Andrew,
Longhurst Chris,
Felsenstein Friedrich G
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.556
Subject(s) - powdery mildew , blumeria graminis , fungicide , biology , ec50 , liter , penicillium chrysogenum , toxicology , agronomy , horticulture , botany , plant disease resistance , biochemistry , in vitro , gene , endocrinology
Wheat powdery mildew, Blumeria ( = Erysiphe) graminis DC f sp tritici Marschal is one of the most important foliar diseases of cereals in Europe, and has shown a high potential for adaptability in sensitivity towards modern fungicides during the last 20 years. Quinoxyfen is a surface‐mobile fungicide from a new chemical class that has been commercially used for the control of B graminis in Europe since 1997. When the compound was launched, a Resistance Management Strategy was implemented which included: no seed treatments, no autumn use, a specified window of application and recommendations for appropriate tank‐mixing. To assess the success of this Management Strategy, a European‐wide resistance monitoring programme was carried out between 1995 and 2000 using spore trap sampling, and a whole plant assay. The mean EC 50 values found by year were 0.060 mg litre −1 in 1995, 0.052 mg litre −1 in 1996, 0.071 ml litre −1 in 1997, 0.039 mg litre −1 in 1998, 0.039 mg litre −1 in 1999 and 0.063 mg litre −1 in 2000. No new sensitivity classes were found. The slight shift to lower sensitivity in 1998 and 1999 was correlated with similar shifts in three wild‐type isolates, and was ascribed to experimental variation. The monitoring programme will continue to assess the long‐term impact of the management recommendations on the resistance status of quinoxyfen. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry