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Phenotypic and genotypic pyrethroid resistance of Aedes albopictus , with focus on the 2017 chikungunya outbreak in Italy
Author(s) -
Pichler Verena,
Malandruccolo Chiara,
Serini Paola,
Bellini Romeo,
Severini Francesco,
Toma Luciano,
Di Luca Marco,
Montarsi Fabrizio,
Ballardini Marco,
Manica Mattia,
Petrarca Vincenzo,
Vontas John,
Kasai Shinji,
della Torre Alessandra,
Caputo Beniamino
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.5369
Subject(s) - chikungunya , biology , deltamethrin , pyrethroid , outbreak , permethrin , aedes albopictus , arbovirus , mosquito control , aedes , dengue fever , toxicology , veterinary medicine , virology , ecology , virus , aedes aegypti , pesticide , medicine , larva , malaria , immunology
BACKGROUND The highly invasive mosquito species Aedes albopictus has become a major health concern in temperate areas due to its role as vector of exotic arboviruses. Pyrethroid insecticides represent the main tools for limiting the circulation of such mosquito‐borne viruses. The present work aim to extend previous reports on phenotypic pyrethroid‐resistance in European Ae. albopictus , to identify its genetic basis and to monitor the geographical distribution of resistant genotypes, with a particular focus on sites experiencing the 2017 chikungunya outbreak in Italy. RESULTS Bioassays, performed according to World Health Organization protocols, showed full susceptibility to deltamethrin (concentration = 0.05%) and varying levels of resistance to permethrin (0.75%) and/or α‐cypermethrin (0.05%) across Italy, with highest levels in the core of the 2017 chikungunya outbreak. Partial genotyping of the VSSC gene revealed widespread distribution of V1016G mutation and confirmed its association with pyrethroid resistance. CONCLUSION The results obtained show that the condition for the spread of pyrethroid resistance in Ae. albopictus in Europe exists under strong selective pressure due to intensive insecticide spraying to control exotic arbovirus outbreak or high levels of nuisance. The results draw attention to the need for an evidence‐based implementation of mosquito nuisance control, taking insecticide resistance management into consideration. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry