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Pesticide soil sorption parameters: theory, measurement, uses, limitations and reliability
Author(s) -
Wauchope R Don,
Yeh Simon,
Linders Jan B H J,
Kloskowski Regina,
Tanaka Keiji,
Rubin Baruch,
Katayama Arata,
Kördel Werner,
Gerstl Zev,
Lane Michael,
Unsworth John B
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.489
Subject(s) - sorption , pesticide , soil water , environmental science , surface runoff , environmental chemistry , leaching (pedology) , rule of thumb , soil science , chemistry , mathematics , ecology , adsorption , organic chemistry , algorithm , biology
The soil sorption coefficient K d and the soil organic carbon sorption coefficient K OC of pesticides are basic parameters used by environmental scientists and regulatory agencies worldwide in describing the environmental fate and behavior of pesticides. They are a measure of the strength of sorption of pesticides to soils and other geosorbent surfaces at the water/solid interface, and are thus directly related to both environmental mobility and persistence. K OC is regarded as a ‘universal’ parameter related to the hydrophobicity of the pesticide molecule, which applies to a given pesticide in all soils. This assumption is known to be inexact, but it is used in this way in modeling and estimating risk for pesticide leaching and runoff. In this report we examine the theory, uses, measurement or estimation, limitations and reliability of these parameters and provide some ‘rules of thumb’ for the use of these parameters in describing the behavior and fate of pesticides in the environment, especially in analysis by modeling. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry