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Forward selection for multiple resistance across the non‐selective glyphosate, glufosinate and oxyfluorfen herbicides in Lolium weed species
Author(s) -
Fernández Pablo,
Alcántara Ricardo,
Osuna María D,
VilaAiub Martin M,
Prado Rafael De
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.4368
Subject(s) - glufosinate , lolium rigidum , lolium perenne , glyphosate , perennial plant , biology , agronomy , weed , lolium multiflorum , lolium , herbicide resistance , poaceae
Abstract BACKGROUND In the Mediterranean area, Lolium species have evolved resistance to glyphosate after decades of continual use without other alternative chemicals in perennial crops (olive, citrus and vineyards). In recent years, oxyfluorfen alone or mixed with glyphosate and glufosinate has been introduced as a chemical option to control dicot and grass weeds. RESULTS Dose‐response studies confirmed that three glyphosate‐resistant Lolium weed species ( L. rigidum , L. perenne , L. multiflorum ) collected from perennial crops in the Iberian Peninsula have also evolved resistance to glufosinate and oxyfluorfen herbicides, despite their recent introduction. Based on the LD 50 resistance parameter, the resistance factor was similar among Lolium species and ranged from 14‐ to 21‐fold and from ten‐ to 12‐fold for oxyfluorfen and glufosinate respectively. Similarly, about 14‐fold resistance to both oxyfluorfen and glufosinate was estimated on average for the three Lolium species when growth reduction ( GR 50 ) was assessed. This study identified oxyfluorfen resistance in a grass species for the first time. CONCLUSION A major threat to sustainability of perennial crops in the Iberian Peninsula is evident, as multiple resistance to non‐selective glyphosate, glufosinate and oxyfluorfen herbicides has evolved in L. rigidum , L. perenne and L. multiflorum weeds. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry