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Toxicity risk of insecticides to the insect egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Author(s) -
Wang Yanhua,
Wu Changxing,
Cang Tao,
Yang Lizhi,
Yu Weihua,
Zhao Xueping,
Wang Qiang,
Cai Leiming
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.3571
Subject(s) - trichogrammatidae , biology , toxicology , hymenoptera , imidacloprid , parasitoid , toxicity , pesticide , botany , agronomy , chemistry , organic chemistry
BACKGROUND Natural populations of Trichogramma evanescens contribute to the control of lepidopterous pests. The toxic effects of insecticides have been extensively reported on trichogrammatids, but are largely unknown on T. evanescens . In this study, the toxicities of seven classes of chemicals against the parasitoid were investigated . RESULTS Among these classes, organophosphates and carbamates exhibited the highest levels of intrinsic toxicity, with LC 50 values ranging from 0.025 (0.023–0.028) to 2.20 (1.71–3.09) and from 0.040 (0.032–0.053) to 1.84 (1.53–2.30) mg AI L −1 respectively. Among the phenylpyrazoles, only ethiprole can be considered to be less toxic in the group. Avermectins, pyrethroids and neonicotinoids were less toxic, with LC 50 values ranging from 1.29 to 2.57, from 2.26 to 14.03 and from 1.12 to 239.1 mg AI L −1 respectively. In contrast, insect growth regulators ( IGRs ) showed the lowest toxicity to the parasitoid, with LC 50 values ranging from 3383 (2406–5499) to 5650 (4228–8579) mg AI L −1 . CONCLUSION The results of risk quotient analysis indicated that neonicotinoids, avermectins, pyrethroids and IGRs were less hazardous, but phenylpyrazoles (except for ethiprole), organophosphates and carbamates were slightly to moderately or dangerously toxic to T. evanescens . The present results provide informative data for implementing biological and chemical control strategies in integrated pest management of lepidopterans. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry