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Identification of a new PSII target site psbA mutation leading to D1 amino acid Leu 218 Val exchange in the Chenopodium album D1 protein and comparison to cross‐resistance profiles of known modifications at positions 251 and 264
Author(s) -
Thiel Heike,
Varrelmann Mark
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.3556
Subject(s) - biology , valine , chenopodium , alanine , glycine , genetics , amino acid , mutation , microbiology and biotechnology , botany , biochemistry , gene , weed
Abstract BACKGROUND Resistance of Chenopodium album to triazinones and triazines can be caused by two amino acid exchanges, serine‐264‐glycine ( Ser 264 Gly ) and alanine‐251‐valine ( Ala 251 Val ), in the chloroplast D1 protein. This paper describes the identification of a biotype with a leucine‐218‐valine ( Leu 218 Val ) switch found in German sugar beet fields with unsatisfactory weed control. A greenhouse experiment has been performed to compare the resistance profile of the newly identified biotype with biotypes that carry the Ser 264 Gly and Ala 251 Val mutations.RESULTS Application rate–response curves obtained from the greenhouse experiment showed that the Leu 218 Val exchange induced significant resistance against the triazinones but not against terbuthylazine. The level of resistance against the triazinones was higher in the Ser 264 Gly and Ala 251 Val biotypes compared with the Leu 218 Val biotype. All biotypes tested were more resistant to metribuzin than to metamitron. Following terbuthylazine treatment, Ser 264 Gly displayed a high level of resistance, Ala 251 Val showed moderate resistance. A PCR‐RFLP assay for Ser 264 Gly has been extended to include detection of Ala 251 Val and Leu 218 Val mutations.CONCLUSION The D1 Leu 218 Val substitution in C. album confers significant resistance to triazinones. This suggests that Leu 218 Val is involved in the binding of triazinones. First establishment of the resistance profiles of the three psbA mutations suggests that these mutations have been independently selected. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry