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Sub‐lethal effects of four neonicotinoid seed treatments on the demography and feeding behaviour of the wheat aphid Sitobion avenae
Author(s) -
Miao Jin,
Du ZhenBao,
Wu YuQing,
Gong ZhongJun,
Jiang YueLi,
Duan Yun,
Li Tong,
Lei ChaoLiang
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.3523
Subject(s) - sitobion avenae , biology , aphid , neonicotinoid , agronomy , pest analysis , homoptera , imidacloprid , toxicology , aphididae , pesticide , botany
BACKGROUND Neonicotinoids are widely used as seed treatments in wheat fields against the grain aphid ( Sitobion avenae F.) in China. Due to the degradation of neonicotinoids in wheat plants, wheat aphids are more likely to be exposed to low concentrations of neonicotinoids over long periods. It is therefore expected that neonicotinoids, aside from acute (lethal) effects, may also cause a range of sub‐lethal effects on this pest.RESULTS The growth and fertility of S. avenae feeding on wheat plants treated with a sub‐lethal concentration ( LC 10 ) of imidacloprid, dinotefuran, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam were not greatly affected. However, the population growth parameters of S. avenae were significantly reduced at median lethal concentration ( LC 50 ). Electronic penetration graph recordings showed a higher percentage of no probing phase and shorter phloem sap ingestion phase on the wheat plants treated with LC 10 and LC 50 concentrations.CONCLUSION The results indicate that even low concentrations of neonicotinoid treatments on wheat seeds have long‐term, adverse effects on wheat aphid. As such, neonicotinoid seed treatments have far greater effects on wheat aphids than estimated by acute toxicity tests. These results benefit our understanding on the subtle effects of the four tested neonicotinoids when applied as seed treatments. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry