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Lepidopteran larva consumption of soybean foliage: basis for developing multiple‐species economic thresholds for pest management decisions
Author(s) -
de Freitas Bueno Regiane Cristina Oliveira,
de Freitas Bueno Adeney,
Moscardi Flávio,
Postali Parra José Roberto,
HoffmannCampo Clara Beatriz
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.2047
Subject(s) - anticarsia gemmatalis , lepidoptera genitalia , biology , noctuidae , integrated pest management , pest analysis , economic threshold , caterpillar , larva , pest control , insect , toxicology , spodoptera , botany , agronomy , biochemistry , gene , recombinant dna
BACKGROUND: Defoliation by Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner), Pseudoplusia includens (Walker), Spodoptera eridania (Cramer), S. cosmioides (Walker) and S. frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was evaluated in four soybean genotypes. A multiple‐species economic threshold (ET), based upon the species' feeding capacity, is proposed with the aim of improving growers' management decisions on when to initiate control measures for the species complex. RESULTS: Consumption by A. gemmatalis, S. cosmioides or S. eridania on different genotypes was similar. The highest consumption of P. includens was 92.7 cm 2 on Codetec 219RR; that of S. frugiperda was 118 cm 2 on Codetec 219RR and 115.1 cm 2 on MSoy 8787RR. The insect injury equivalent for S. cosmoides , calculated on the basis of insect consumption, was double the standard consumption by A. gemmatalis , and statistically different from the other species tested, which were similar to each other. CONCLUSIONS: As S. cosmioides always defoliated nearly twice the leaf area of the other species, the injury equivalent would be 2 for this lepidopteran species and 1 for the other species. The recommended multiple‐species ET to trigger the beginning of insect control would then be 20 insect equivalents per linear metre. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry