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Esterase‐mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa
Author(s) -
Achaleke Joseph,
Martin Thibaud,
Ghogomu Richard T,
Vaissayre Maurice,
Brévault Thierry
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.1807
Subject(s) - helicoverpa armigera , piperonyl butoxide , noctuidae , pyrethroid , biology , cypermethrin , esterase , deltamethrin , indoxacarb , toxicology , lepidoptera genitalia , microbiology and biotechnology , botany , pesticide , agronomy , biochemistry , enzyme
BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose–response bioassays were conducted on area‐wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67–1771), cross‐resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60–2972) and lack of cross‐resistance to the non‐ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2–10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory‐selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione‐ S ‐transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory‐selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed‐function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross‐resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target‐site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross‐resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid‐based programmes. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry