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Effects of spinosad on Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from China: tolerance status, synergism and enzymatic responses
Author(s) -
Wang Dong,
Qiu Xinghui,
Ren Xuexiang,
Zhang Wencheng,
Wang Kaiyun
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.1794
Subject(s) - noctuidae , lepidoptera genitalia , helicoverpa armigera , spinosad , biology , pest analysis , toxicology , botany , agronomy , pesticide
BACKGROUND: Spinosad is increasingly used in pest management programmes, and resistance to it has been detected in recent years. However, there is no report on the susceptibilities of field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) from China. Furthermore, the impact of spinosad on metabolic enzymes in this pest remains unknown. RESULTS: Four populations of H. armigera from different locations in China displayed less than 6.5‐fold difference in LC 50 to spinosad, the highest being in the Xinjiang population, followed by Xiajin, Taian and Hubei populations, while there was no significant difference at LC 99 level among the four populations. The toxicity of spinosad could be synergised by piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and triphenylphosphate (TPP), but not by diethyl maleate (DEM). Spinosad exposure for 48 h significantly increased the activities of p ‐nitroanisole O ‐demethylase (ODM), while no significant changes in glutathione‐ S ‐transferase (GST) and carboxyl esterase (CarE) were observed. CONCLUSION: Field populations of H. armigera from China displayed marginally different susceptibilities to spinosad and had a relatively low LC 50 . Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase might be involved in the metabolism of, and hence resistance to, spinosad in this pest in China. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry