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An analogue of piperonyl butoxide facilitates the characterisation of metabolic resistance
Author(s) -
Moores Graham D,
Philippou Despina,
Borzatta Valerio,
Trincia Paolo,
Jewess Philip,
Gunning Robin,
Bingham Georgina
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.1661
Subject(s) - piperonyl butoxide , esterase , enzyme , biochemistry , microsome , metabolic pathway , cytochrome p450 , mixed function oxidase , biology , chemistry , toxicology , toxicity , organic chemistry
BACKGROUND: Previous work has demonstrated that piperonyl butoxide (PBO) not only inhibits microsomal oxidases but also resistance‐associated esterases. The ability to inhibit both major metabolic resistance enzymes makes it an ideal synergist to enhance xenobiotics but negates the ability to differentiate which enzyme group is responsible for conferring resistance. RESULTS: This study examines an analogue that retains the ability to inhibit esterases but is restricted in its ability to act on microsomal oxidases, thus allowing an informed decision on resistance enzymes to be made when used in conjunction with the parent molecule. CONCLUSION: Using examples of resistant insects with well‐characterised resistance mechanisms, a combination of PBO and analogue allows identification of the metabolic mechanism responsible for conferring resistance. The relative potency of PBO as both an esterase inhibitor and an oxidase inhibitor is also discussed. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry