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Development of a pheromone trap monitoring system for orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana , in the UK
Author(s) -
Bruce Toby JA,
Hooper Antony M,
Ireland Lynda,
Jones Owen T,
Martin Janet L,
Smart Lesley E,
Oakley Jon,
Wadhams Lester J
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.1307
Subject(s) - midge , pheromone , biology , sex pheromone , pheromone trap , orange (colour) , botany , horticulture , toxicology , larva
Field‐trapping experiments with synthetic 2,7‐nonadiyl dibutyrate, the female‐produced sex pheromone of the orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin), demonstrated that pheromone traps were highly attractive to males and caught very few non‐target organisms. Different formulations of pheromone were tested to identify the optimum release rate and dispenser type for use in pheromone traps in the UK. Key findings were that racemic pheromone was as effective as enantiomerically pure (2 S ,7 R )‐2,7‐nonadiyl dibutyrate, that release rates higher than 0.5 µg day −1 were not necessary and that the optimal formulation was a 1 mg pheromone loading in a rubber septum. Pheromone traps gave a reliable indication of peak midge emergence, onset of flight and abundance of midges throughout the season. A strong correlation between maximum trap catch and crop infestation levels was obtained. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry