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Fate of the herbicides glyphosate, glufosinate‐ammonium, phenmedipham, ethofumesate and metamitron in two Finnish arable soils
Author(s) -
Laitinen Pirkko,
Siimes Katri,
Eronen Liisa,
Rämö Sari,
Welling Leena,
Oin Seija,
Mattsoff Leona,
RuohonenLehto Marja
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
pest management science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.296
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1526-4998
pISSN - 1526-498X
DOI - 10.1002/ps.1186
Subject(s) - sugar beet , glyphosate , glufosinate , loam , agronomy , clopyralid , environmental science , arable land , sulfonylurea , soil water , pesticide , biology , weed control , microbiology and biotechnology , agriculture , ecology , insulin , soil science
Abstract The fate of five herbicides (glyphosate, glufosinate‐ammonium, phenmedipham, ethofumesate and metamitron) was studied in two Finnish sugar beet fields for 26 months. Soil types were sandy loam and clay. Two different herbicide‐tolerant sugar beet cultivars and three different herbicide application schedules were used. Meteorological data were collected throughout the study and soil properties were thoroughly analysed. An extensive data set of herbicide residue concentrations in soil was collected. Five different soil depths were sampled. The study was carried out using common Finnish agricultural practices and represents typical sugar beet cultivation conditions in Finland. The overall observed order of persistence was ethofumesate > glyphosate > phenmedipham > metamitron > glufosinate‐ammonium. Only ethofumesate and glyphosate persisted until the subsequent spring. Seasonal variation in herbicide dissipation was very high and dissipation ceased almost completely during winter. During the 2 year experiment no indication of potential groundwater pollution risk was obtained, but herbicides may cause surface water pollution. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry