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Genomic and clinical characterization of pulmonary‐only metastatic prostate cancer: A unique molecular subtype
Author(s) -
Shenderov Eugene,
Isaacsson Velho Pedro,
Awan Anas H.,
Wang Hao,
Mirkheshti Nooshin,
Lotan Tamara L.,
Carducci Michael A.,
Pardoll Drew M.,
Eisenberger Mario A.,
Antonarakis Emmanuel S.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the prostate
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.295
H-Index - 123
eISSN - 1097-0045
pISSN - 0270-4137
DOI - 10.1002/pros.23881
Subject(s) - prostate cancer , prostate , medicine , cancer , pathology , prostate disease , lung cancer , oncology , cancer research , biology
Background Isolated pulmonary involvement is uncommon in metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). To characterize outcomes and molecular alterations of this unique patient subset, we conducted a retrospective review of patients with hormone‐naïve prostate cancer presenting with lung‐only metastases. Methods This was a retrospective single‐institution study. Medical records of 25 patients presenting with pulmonary‐only metastases before receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were analyzed. Germline and/or somatic genomic results, where available (n = 16), were documented. Tumor tissue was analyzed using clinical‐grade next‐generation DNA sequencing assays. Clinical endpoints included complete prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) response to ADT (<0.1 ng/mL), median overall survival (OS) from time of ADT initiation, median PSA progression‐free survival (PSA‐PFS), and failure‐free survival (FFS) at 4 years. Results Baseline characteristics were notable for 48% of men (12 of 25) having first or second‐degree relatives with prostate cancer, compared with 20% expected. Complete PSA responses to ADT were noted in 52% of men, with a median PSA‐PFS of 66 months, a 4‐year FFS rate of 72%, and a median OS that was not reached after 190 months. In evaluable patients, molecular drivers were enriched for mismatch repair mutations (4 of 16, 25%) and homologous‐recombination deficiency mutations (4 of 16, 25%). These results are limited by the small sample size and retrospective nature of this analysis. Conclusions This exploratory study represents one of the largest cohorts of lung‐only mHSPC patients to‐date. The prevalence of actionable DNA‐repair gene alterations was higher than anticipated (any DNA‐repair mutation: 8 of 16, 50%). Compared to historical data, these patients appear to have exceptional and durable responses to first‐line ADT. This study suggests that pulmonary‐tropic mHSPC biology may be fundamentally different from nonpulmonary mHSPC.