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Serum prostate specific antigen changes in cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis ) on a high sugar high fat diet
Author(s) -
Mubiru James N.,
GarciaForey Magdalena,
Cavazos Nicole,
Hemmat Peggah,
Dick Edward J.,
Owston Michael A.,
Bauer Cassondra A.,
Shade Robert E.,
Rogers Jeffrey
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the prostate
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.295
H-Index - 123
eISSN - 1097-0045
pISSN - 0270-4137
DOI - 10.1002/pros.21448
Subject(s) - prostate , endocrinology , medicine , body mass index , insulin resistance , obesity , prostate specific antigen , diabetes mellitus , steatosis , cancer
BACKGROUND An inverse relationship between serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and body mass index (BMI) has been reported in men but not in any animal model. METHODS Serum PSA in a colony of cynomolgus monkeys was assayed and correlated to body weight, prostate weight, and age. In addition, 15 animals were selected and fed a high sugar high fat (HSHF) diet for 49 weeks to increase their BMI and correlate it to PSA RESULTS Serum PSA levels were positively correlated to prostate weight (r = 0.515, P = 0.025) and age (r = 0.548, P = 0.00072) but was not significantly correlated to body weight (r = −0.032, P = 0.419). For the animals on the HSHF diet, body weight, lean mass, fat mass, and BMI were significantly higher at 49 weeks than at baseline ( P < 0.01). PSA was not significantly correlated to body weight and insulin at both baseline and 49 weeks. PSA was negatively correlated to BMI and insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) at 49 weeks but not at baseline. In addition, we observed hepatic steatosis and increases in serum liver enzymes. CONCLUSIONS Increases in BMI in cynomolgus monkeys as a result of consuming a HSHF diet resulted in PSA changes similar to those in humans with increased BMI. Cynomolgus monkeys are a useful model for investigating the relationship between obesity, diabetes, and PSA changes resulting from prostate gland pathology. Prostate 72:469–475, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.