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Kallikrein 4 is a potential mediator of cellular interactions between cancer cells and osteoblasts in metastatic prostate cancer
Author(s) -
Gao Jin,
Collard Rachael L.,
Bui Loan,
Herington Adrian C.,
Nicol David L.,
Clements Judith A.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the prostate
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.295
H-Index - 123
eISSN - 1097-0045
pISSN - 0270-4137
DOI - 10.1002/pros.20465
Subject(s) - lncap , bone metastasis , metastasis , prostate cancer , cancer research , cancer cell , alkaline phosphatase , pathology , osteoblast , chemistry , cancer , in vitro , medicine , biochemistry , enzyme
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) and bone cell interactions are critical in the metastatic phase. Kallikrein 4 ( KLK4 /hK4) is expressed in both PCa and mineralized tissues. We determined if KLK4 /hK4 expression was associated with, and influenced by, the bone environment of metastatic PCa. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, in vitro co‐culture, cell migration, and attachment assays. RESULTS hK4 was localized to tumor cells and osteoblasts in bone metastases. KLK4 /hK4 increased in LNCaP and PC3 cells co‐cultured with SaOs2 cells; SaOs2 KLK4 /hK4 was unchanged. Co‐culture did not affect cell proliferation but altered alkaline phosphatase activity/mRNA levels in SaOs2 cells. KLK4 ‐transfected PC3 cells had increased migration towards SaOs2 conditioned medium and greater attachment to the bone‐matrix proteins, collagens I and IV. CONCLUSIONS hK4 expression and interaction with both tumor cells and osteoblasts suggests a role for hK4 in PCa bone metastasis. Whether this observation is unique to bone metastasis or reflects a role for hK4 in PCa metastasis generally is yet to be established. Prostate 67: 348–360, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.