Premium
Prostate volume and prostate‐specific antigen in the absence of prostate cancer: A review of the relationship and prediction of long‐term outcomes
Author(s) -
Lieber Michael M.,
Jacobsen Steven J.,
Roberts Rosebud O.,
Rhodes Thomas,
Girman Cynthia J.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
the prostate
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.295
H-Index - 123
eISSN - 1097-0045
pISSN - 0270-4137
DOI - 10.1002/pros.1136
Subject(s) - medicine , urinary retention , urology , hyperplasia , prostate , prostate cancer , lower urinary tract symptoms , urinary system , prostate specific antigen , cancer , gynecology
Background The risk for long‐term outcomes associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has not been well characterized. Untreated, BPH can lead to complications and negative outcomes, such as deterioration of bladder function, urinary tract infection, acute urinary retention (AUR), and surgery. Methods A literature review was conducted to summarize the results of studies investigating the relationship of prostate volume and PSA with prediction of long‐term outcomes in the absence of prostate cancer. Results In the studies reviewed, men with moderate to severe symptoms, depressed uroflow, prostatic enlargement and elevated PSA were at greater risk for developing subsequent AUR or surgery. Men with prostatic enlargement had a 3‐fold higher risk for acute urinary retention and were 4 times more likely to have had any treatment for BPH. Conclusions The results of these studies may assist physicians in discussing treatment options as well as long‐term complications with patients. Prostate 49:208–212, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.