Premium
The type III secretion system needle, tip, and translocon
Author(s) -
Dey Supratim,
Chakravarty Amritangshu,
Guha Biswas Pallavi,
De Guzman Roberto N.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
protein science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.353
H-Index - 175
eISSN - 1469-896X
pISSN - 0961-8368
DOI - 10.1002/pro.3682
Subject(s) - translocon , type three secretion system , virulence , secretion , microbiology and biotechnology , antibiotics , bacteria , biology , biochemistry , genetics , membrane protein , membrane , gene
Many Gram‐negative bacteria pathogenic to plants and animals deploy the type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject virulence factors into their hosts. All bacteria that rely on the T3SS to cause infectious diseases in humans have developed antibiotic resistance. The T3SS is an attractive target for developing new antibiotics because it is essential in virulence, and part of its structural component is exposed on the bacterial surface. The structural component of the T3SS is the needle apparatus, which is assembled from over 20 different proteins and consists of a base, an extracellular needle, a tip, and a translocon. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the structure and assembly of the needle, tip, and translocon.