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Partners in crime: The role of tandem modules in gene transcription
Author(s) -
Sharma Rajal,
Zhou MingMing
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
protein science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.353
H-Index - 175
eISSN - 1469-896X
pISSN - 0961-8368
DOI - 10.1002/pro.2711
Subject(s) - sumo protein , histone , computational biology , tandem , biology , acetylation , epigenetics , ubiquitin , histone code , transcription (linguistics) , epigenomics , genetics , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , dna methylation , gene expression , nucleosome , materials science , linguistics , philosophy , composite material
Histones and their modifications play an important role in the regulation of gene transcription. Numerous modifications, such as acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation, have been described. These modifications almost always co‐occur and thereby increase the combinatorial complexity of post‐translational modification detection. The domains that recognize these histone modifications often occur in tandem in the context of larger proteins and complexes. The presence of multiple modifications can positively or negatively regulate the binding of these tandem domains, influencing downstream cellular function. Alternatively, these tandem domains can have novel functions from their independent parts. Here we summarize structural and functional information known about major tandem domains and their histone binding properties. An understanding of these interactions is key for the development of epigenetic therapy.