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Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Performance of 2,2’,2’’,4,4’,4’’,6,6’,6’’‐Nonanitro‐1,1’ : 3’,1’’‐Terphenyl (NONA)
Author(s) -
Yang Feng,
Li YongXiang,
Chai XiaoXiao,
Dang Xin
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.56
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1521-4087
pISSN - 0721-3115
DOI - 10.1002/prep.201800070
Subject(s) - orthorhombic crystal system , chemistry , standard enthalpy of formation , thermal decomposition , detonation velocity , crystal structure , detonation , differential scanning calorimetry , crystallography , terphenyl , molecular geometry , thermogravimetric analysis , dissociation (chemistry) , bond dissociation energy , molecule , organic chemistry , explosive material , thermodynamics , physics
Abstract The famous heat‐resistant explosive‐2,2’,2’’,4,4’,4’’,6,6’,6’’‐nonanitro‐1,1’:3’,1’’‐terphenyl (NONA) was synthesized by the Ullmann reaction, and its separation and purification was achieved by the solvent‐antisolvent method and the anisole reflux method, which are more simple and easy to operate than conventional methods. The molecular structure of NONA was characterized by X‐ray single crystal diffraction, FT‐IR, 1 H NMR, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The thermal behavior of NONA was studied by thermogravimetric‐differential scanning calorimetry (TG‐DSC), Moreover, the heats of formation, detonation properties, and bond dissociation of NONA were calculated. The results show that the NONA crystals belong to the orthorhombic system and the Pbca (61) space group where a=16.8223 (11) Å, b=11.9573 Å, c=23.0972 (14) Å, a/b=1.4069, b/c=0.5177, c/a=1.3730, V=4645.99(50) Å 3 , ρ=1.81644 g/cm 3 , Z=8, and F(000)=2560. The decomposition temperature is 364.8 °C, the calculated heats of formation is −148.2 kJ/mol, the detonation velocity and detonation pressure are 7720.66 m/s and 26.58 GPa, respectively, and the initiation bond is C(3)‐NO2 with a dissociation energy of 249.3 kJ/mol.